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ATIK AL? PASA COMPLEX

In Çemberlita? on the Yeniçeriler street., this Circuitous is one of the oldest Ottoman barrio in ?stanbul. It was commissioned in 1496 by the Ottoman Prime Minister (Vezir-i Azam) Had?m Atik Ali Pasa. Today alone the mosque, academy and the tomb abide from the circuitous which aswell independent a soup kitchen, caravan-serai and Dervish lodge.

Over the centruries the abbey was accepted by abounding added names, like Sedefçiler, Old Ali Pa?a, Çemberlita?, Vezirhan? and Sand?kç?lar.

The abbey was congenital of cut-stone on a ‘reverse T’ plan. The abundant accomplished measures 12.5m in bore and is 24 m top with 16 windows. The accomplished rests on four albatross leg shaped columns, with four abate and a bisected accomplished acknowledging the capital dome. The chantry and belvedere are carved from white marble, the accumulation breadth has 5 domes with a individual balconied minaret on the appropriate duke side.

In the courtyard are marble gravestones dating do the 17th aeon and there is aswell a tomb, the history of which is unknown. The academy is amid in foreground of the mosque.

AYASOFYA (HAGHIA SOPHIA) COMPLEX

Haghia Sophia Abbey & Circuitous is amid in Sultanahmet beyond from Absolutist Ahmed Mosque. Considered one of the finest architectural works in the world, it was originally congenital as a church. Architectonics began during the administration of the Byzantine Emperor Constantine I, but was completed in AD 360, during the administration of Constantine II. The aboriginal Haghia Sophia was partially burnt during an uprising. It was repaired by Theodosius II and opened to adoration in 415, but was austere to the arena during accession attainable insurgence in 532. Afterwards the revolts, Emperor Junstinian absitively to physique a abundant temple here, and apportioned the assignment to Isidoros and Anthemios, two western-Anatolian architects. Architectonics abstracts were brought in from all the Mediterranean countries. In addition, the columns of a amount of agnostic temples in Anatolia, including the Temple of Artemis, were dismantled and acclimated in the building. The architectonics lasted 5 years, and Haghia Sophia became attainable to adoration already again. The anatomy continuing today is that which was congenital as a abbey by Justinian.

Haghia Sophia was occasionally damaged, but was repaired and additions to the anatomy were built. Despite the changes, its aspect charcoal untouched. Haghia Sophia accomplished its darkest canicule during the Latin occupation; it was looted, damaged and a amount of its admired accoutrement were removed and taken to the churches of Europe. If the city-limits already afresh got into the ascendancy of the Byzantines, the abbey was in abhorrent condition. Using bound resources, efforts were fabricated to restore it. It was afresh abominably damaged in the convulsion of 1344 in which locations of it, including a breadth of the dome, collapsed. The added bankrupt Byzantines were clumsy to adjustment it and it remained bankrupt for a period. Through the burden of appropriate taxes and accumulating of donations, the abbey was already afresh repaired in 1354.

Despite these efforts, Haghia Sophia was not to acknowledgment to its abounding celebrity afterwards the Latin activity untill the acquisition of ?stanbul. Anon afterward the acquisition of the city, Absolutist Mehmed the Conqueror went anon to Haghia Sophia. However, it was in ruins. He absitively on that day to catechumen the abbey to into a mosque, and appropriately a new aeon began for Haghia Sophia.

From the aboriginal day it bacame a mosque, Haghia Abbey bacame a abode of astronomic significiance of Moslims active aural the borders of the Ottoman Empire, as able-bodied as others. For hundreds of years it has symbolised and been a admonition of the acquisition of ?stanbul.

The Conqueror created variour pious foundations with the aim of ensuring acquirement and complete a mihrab (mosque niche), minaret and medresse. Haghia Sophia was apparent appropriate absorption afterwards the conquest, and the additions congenital on its arena angry it into a abundant ‘kulliye’ or religious complex. One minaret was added by Absolutist Bayezid II and a additional by Absolutist Selim II. Absolutist Mahmud I added a backlog for ablutions, a primary school, a soup kitchen, a library, a alcove for sultans and a abbey niche. The mosaics were absolutely bashed over; previously, alone the faces had been covered. During this aeon a amount of sultans and associates of ability were active in the complex. They include: Absolutist Selim II, Absolutist Murad III, Absolutist Mehmed III, Absolutist Mustafa I and Absolutist ?brahim.

Haghia Sophia underwent accessory aliment during the Republican period, but was larboard about alone during the war years. American scientists acquired permission from the Turkish government to bare the mosaics in 1932. While these works were underway, afterwards any acknowledged decree, Haghia Sophia was afflicted into a architectonics in 1934 and opened to the attainable in 1935. This abbey anon functions as a museum.

The accomplished of the mosque, believed to represent the beyond of the cosmos, is a lot of impressive. To anticipate that this accomplished was congenital in the 530’s contributes even added to the accent of the mosque. Despite getting damaged, the mosaics activate aural Haghia Sophia are a allotment of the a lot of adored in the world. The additions of the Ottomans, far from abasement its aboriginal beauty, accept alone able its magnificiance. The calligraphies, on plates 7.5 meters in diameter, the bedrock work, which gives it a lace-like appearance, and the anesthetized tiles are all priceless. The primary school, tombs, foundations and backlog which accomplish up the circuitous are aswell of aloft acceptation from an architectural standpoint.

BAYEZ?D COMPLEX

The complex, which is broadcast throughout Bayez?t Square, was congenital by Absolutist Bayezid II and completed in the years 1500-1505. It was originally anticipation to accept been advised by Artist Sinan Hayreddin or Artist Kemaleddin but afterwards analysis suggests the artist may accept been Yakub?ah Bin Sultan. The circuitous is composed of a mosque, a kitchen, a primary school, a hospital, a medresse, a hamam, a soup kitchen for the poor and a caravanserai. It differs from the Faith centre afore it, for the actuality that it was not congenital symmetrically, but in a acutely accidental style.

Bayezid Abbey is at the centermost of the complex. Its capital accomplished is 16.78 meters in bore and is accurate by four pillars. The bedrock and copse craftmanship and decrepit bottle are artful masterpieces. The courtyard paving abstracts and pillars acclimated for the backlog for ablutions were reclaimed from Byzantine charcoal and re-used. These pillars in accurate authenticate the superior of Byzantine workmanship.

The soup kitchen and Caravanserai are to the larboard of the abbey and are acclimated today by the Bayez?t Accompaniment Library. The medresse far to the appropriate of the abbey is acclimated as a architectonics by the Turkish Foundation of Calligraphy. The hamam is far from the medresse, on Ordu Artery next to the Department of Literature.

Tombs are activate on the Kiblah [Mecca] ancillary of the mosque. Absolutist Bayezid II, his babe Selçuk Hatun and artist of Tanzimat Ferman?, Mustafa Re?it Pa?a, are burried here.

BEYLERBEY? MOSQUE

Beylerbeyi Abbey is amid on the Anatolian bank of the Bosphorus next to the Beylerbeyi quay. It was congenital by Absolutist Abdülhamid I in 1778 in anamnesis of his mother, Rabia Absolutist and advised by the artist Tahir A?a. The abbey is complete in Baroque style, of cut stone. It is octagonal in actualization with two minarets and 55 windows. There is just one accomplished with the breadth in foreground of the abbey alcove covered with a half-dome. The autogenous is busy with inscriptions and engravings. The abbey is covered with both Ottoman and European anesthetized tiles. It is a accomplished archetype of the absorb of altered cultures.

DOLMABAHÇE MOSQUE

The Dolmabahçe Abbey is amid on the Bosphorus in the southern allotment of Dolmabahçe Palace. Architectonics of the abbey began at the bidding of Absolutist Abdülmecid’s mother, Bezmialem Valide Sultan, but if she died, Absolutist Abdülmecid took over. It is completed in 1855, and the artist was Karabet Balyan. It was one of the awful busy Baroque-style mosques. Getting allotment of the alcazar complex, the abbey contains a foreground breadth in which the absolute and accompaniment admiral could adoration and a two-storey breadth for the absolute acceptable for the attainable advance of the Absolutist to the abbey on Fridays.

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